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Crop SciencesCollege of Agricultural, Consumer, and Environmental Sciences |
April 2009 Newsletter Volume 28:4
| 321 210th Ave. Monmouth, Illinois 61462 Phone & Fax: (309) 734-7459 |
Eric A. Adee Pr. Research Specialist e-mail: adee@illinois.edu |
Marty Johnson Farm Foreman |
| APRIL WEATHER: | Soil Temperature (oF) | |||
| Air Temp. (oF) | Humidity (%) | 4" (Bare) | 4" (Sod) | |
| Monthly Average High | 59.0 | 94.7 | 54.2 | 49.8 |
| Monthly Average Low | 38.7 | 42.6 | 44.4 | 45.3 |
| Observed High (date) | 81 (27) | 100 (several) | 67 (27) | 61 (27) |
| Observed Low (date) | 25 (8) | 21 (7,23) | 36 (4,5,12) | 38 (8,9) |
2009 Precipitation (in inches)
| Month | Monthly Total |
Monthly Departure from Average |
Since January 1 Total Accumulation |
Since January 1 Total Departure |
|
| January | 0.27 | -1.35 | 0.27 | -1.35 | |
| February | 2.43 | +0.71 | 2.70 | -0.64 | |
| March | 6.13 | +3.28 | 8.83 | +2.64 | |
| April | 5.62 | +1.86 | 14.45 | +4.50 | |
Growing Degree Days (Base 50)
| Month | Monthly Total |
Monthly Departure from Average |
Total Accumulation Since April 1 |
Total Departure Since April 1 |
|||
| April | 160.5 | +4.5 | 161 | +4.5 | |||
Crop Update
“A new day and new challenges” seems to describe this planting season, except some of these challenges aren’t so new. Wet soils and late planting dates are still very fresh memories from last season for many farmers in our area. Most of the corn at NWRC was planted May 5 - 7, and soybeans May 11 & 12, 20 & 21.
Soil crusting has been an issue, primarily for the soybeans planted May 11 & 12. Several studies were rotary hoed, and the rain received over Memorial Day weekend helped the soybeans emerge, with or without rotary hoeing.
Emergence has been fairly good considering the year, but there have been areas in fields of corn and soybeans that have had delayed emergence. Some of the delayed emergence in corn may have been due to water standing in the row and some crusting issues. Preliminary stand counts have shown 85 to 95% emergence of corn. However, there has been one field that the emergence was ~70%, caused by factors yet to be determined, though probably a combination of stresses were at work.
In a soybean study planted May 7 the soybeans began emerging May 18, but some are still emerging May 28, with even a few more coming. In this same study, some of the earlier emerging soybeans died just as they were emerging. The hypocotyl at the soil line had died just as the cotyledons were being pulled out of the soil. It has not been determined what caused these symptoms, but infection by Rhizoctonina and/or possible PPO herbicide damage from herbicides applied a week before they began emerging have been implicated. Similar symptoms have been observed at the Orr Research Center in Pike Co.
In the corn planting date study, the corn planted April 23 is almost identical to that planted April 3 in the number of leaf collars (5) and height (8-9") on May 28. The corn planted May 6 is at 3 leaves and 4" tall. Basically, it appears there was not advantage to planting before the optimum (last 1/2 of April), and planting 2 weeks later this year is only about 1 week behind developmentally (~2 leaves/week).
2009 Research Projects
Following is a list of proposed studies to be conducted at NWRC this growing season. The new studies or new factors in studies are in bold. The researchers associated with the studies are listed as well. This list is not final as plans for studies could change during the season.
NWRC 2009 Research Projects
| Title | Investigator | Duration | Funding |
|---|---|---|---|
| VARIETY TRIALS | |||
| Commercial Corn Hybrid Trial | D. Joos (off-site) | annual | entry fees |
| Corn Hybrid Trial following Corn | D. Joos | annual | entry fees |
| Conventional Soybean Variety Trial | R. Esgar (off-site) | annual | entry fees |
| Roundup Ready Soybean Variety Trial | R. Esgar (off-site) | annual | entry fees |
| Liberty-Link Soybean Variety Trial | Bohannan, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | Bayer |
| Green-stem Soybean Variety Trial | R. Bowen | 2009- | |
| Oat Variety Trial | F. Kolb/N. Smith/E. Adee | annual | Hatch |
| Perennial Ornamental Testing for Illinois | M. Smith | 2008- | |
| FERTILITY | |||
| N Rates for Continuous and Rotated Corn | R. Hoeft, E. Nafziger, Adee | 1981-indefinite | FREC |
| Bioassay for Residual N in Corn | Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | |
| Strip-trials for Nrates for Corn | Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2007-2009 | FREC |
| Quantification of Nutrients in Corn Stover | Fenandez, Greer, Adee, Johnson | 2008- | |
| N Stabilizer for UAN on Corn | Fernandez, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | DOW |
| Sulfur Source and Rate for Corn | Fernandez, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | Mosaic |
| Corn Residue Removal, Tillage and N Rate | Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2006- | FREC |
| Torque on Corn | Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | EDM |
| In-Furrow Treatments for Corn and Soybean | Ortiz-Ribbing, Adee, Johnson | 2008-2009 | Monty’s |
| Fall and Spring Applied N rates on Wheat | Adee, Paul, Johnson, Ebelhar | 2003-2009 | |
| Foliar Nutrients on Wheat | Ortiz-Ribbing, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | Monty’s |
| Switchgrass Fertility Management | D.K. Lee, Adee Johnson | 2009 | FREC |
| CULTURAL PRACTICES | |||
| Corn-Corn-Soybean Rotation | E. Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2002- | Pioneer |
| Fertility, Tillage and Fungicide for Continuous Corn | E. Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2005- | FREC |
| Crop Rotation Study with Corn, Soybean and Wheat | E. Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 1996-indefinite | Hatch |
| Tillage Rotation | M. Wander | 1997-2009 | |
| Effect of Tillage Depth on Corn | Adee, Johnson | 2004- | Hatch |
| Corn Planting Date & Fungicide | E. Nafziger, Adee, Johnson | 2009 | |
| Soybean Planting Rate in 15" No-till | Adee, Johnson | 2006-2009 | |
| Muscatune Soil & Tillage on Crop Productivity | K. Olson, Adee, Johnson | 2007- | |
| Corn Hybrid and Population | Nafziger, Joos, Esgar | 2009 | |
| Planting Date Effect on Corn Growth | Ebelhar, Nafziger, Adee | 2009 | |
| PEST MANAGEMENT | |||
| Corn Rootworm Insecticides Comparison | K. Steffey, M. Gray, R. Estes | 1983-indefinite | |
| Comparison of RwBt with &without Insecticide | Adee, Johnson | 2008-2009 | |
| Corn Nematode Strip Trial with Counter | Niblack, Adee | 2009 | |
| Stewarts Wilt Evaluation on Sweet Corn Varieties | J. Pataky | 2009 | |
| Timing of Fungicide on Corn | Adee, Johnson | 2005-2009 | |
| Fungicides Trial on Corn | C. Bradley, Adee, Johnson | 2007-2009 | |
| Fungicides/Insecticides on Soybeans | Bradley, Ames | 2005- | ISPOB |
| Foliar Treatments for SCN on Soybean | Bradley, Niblack, Adee | 2009 | Bayer |
| Soybean Cyst Nematode and Planting Treatments | T. Niblack | 2005-2009 | Syngentia, Monsanto |
| Soybean Seed Treatment | Bradley, Ames | 2009 | Syngentia |
| Sentinel Plots for Soybean Rust | E. Adee, M. Johnson | 2005- | |
| RR & Greenstem on Soybean | R. Bowen, D. Maxwell | 2006-2009 | |
| Effect of Roundup on Brown Stem Rot of Soybeans | Adee, Johnson | 2009 | Monsanto |
| Survival of Frog-eye Leaf Spot in Soybean Residue | Bradley, Ames | 2009 | |
| Monitoring WCR Variant in Soybeans | Adee, Johnson | 2005- | |
| Soybean Aphid Movement | D. Voegtlin |
2001-2009 | |
| Soybean Virus Survey | Hartman, Domier, Hobbs | 2007-2009 | |
| Variety, Tillage and Fungicide on Wheat Production | Adee, Johnson, Bradley | 2008-2009 | USWBSI |
| Wheat Fungicide Study on Scab | Adee, Paul, Bradley, Ebelhar | 2003- | USWBSI |
| Insect/Disease Monitoring Network | Adee, Johnson, Estes | 2009 | |
| Perennial Establishment & Organic Compounds | Ortiz-Ribbing, M. Smith | 2009-2011 | |